The Return of the Bald Eagle
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The Bald Eagle Defies Extinction
There were many decades in which the U.S. national symbol was believed to be headed for extinction, but the species has since made a remarkable comeback. In 1940 the bald eagle was declared to be endangered, and to protect it from hunters the Bald and Golden Eagle Protection act was passed. Another danger to the bird was the spread of DDT, which continued to kill eagles even after the hunters stopped. When the number reached just 417 breeding pairs in 1963, action was called for and in 1973 the species was put on the newly created endangered species list.Far from the expected extinction of the treasured national symbol, the bald eagle has since made a dramatic recovery. Today the number of bald eagle breeding pairs is almost 10,000 and it is no longer listed on the endangered species list. The birds will not be abandoned by wildlife experts, however. Bald eagles will be tracked and their numbers monitored for the next five years. The monitoring assures that if the number of bald eagles falls again that there will be a quick response to place the birds back on the list of endangered species.
The Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act will continue to protect the bald eagle even as it stays off the endangered species list. In addition, the eagles also benefit from the Migratory Bird Treaty Act enacted in 1918. Migratory birds could not be hunted or traded in the U.S. because of the act, but that protection also extended into other countries. The treaty protects the eagles that fly into Mexico and Canada from being hunted, as well as making it illegal to sell the nests and feathers of bald eagles to buy or sell their eggs.
Bald eagles have been further protected by the 1972 federal ban on DDT. The food chain was contaminated with DDT, causing a massive decline in the number of eagle breeding pairs. The pesticide washed from the fields to the waterways and eventually into bald eagles. The fish in these waterways became contaminated and were then eaten by bald eagles. Eagles that were contaminated could not produce the strong eggshells needed to sustain eagle embryos. Bald eagle eggs from contaminated mothers were so thin that the mothers often broke the shells during the incubation period. With the threat of DDT over, bald eagles have the opportunity to reproduce and keep their numbers growing.
Bald Eagle Facts
-Adult females have an average wingspan of about 7 feet.
-When they are old enough to breed, they often return to the area where they were born.
- The Bald Eagle's natural range covers most of North America, including most of Canada, all of the continental United States, and northern Mexico.
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Gift Ideas for those that love the bald eagle:
Inspirational Bald Eagle Nightlight
Native Amercian and Bald Eagle Plate and Candle Holder
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